Learning cannot happen without feedback, and that means learners need a clear understanding of the progress that is being made toward the learning goal. Generating multiple and varied forms of feedback throughout the learning process is essential to supporting learners’ growth. It is important to ensure these multiple and varied forms of feedback are explicitly connected to the learning goal and are explicit, timely, informative, accessible, and customizable. Especially important is providing “formative” feedback that supports learners to monitor their own progress effectively and to use that information to guide their own effort and practice.

• Use prompts to guide self-monitoring and reflection.
• Use representations of progress (e.g., before-and-after photos, graphs and charts showing progress over time, process portfolios).
• Explore the different types of feedback that are most useful according to specific preferences, goals, and contexts.
• Use templates that guide self-reflection on quality and completeness.
• Use differentiated models of self-assessment strategies (e.g., role-playing, video reviews, peer feedback).
• Use checklists, rubrics, models, and examples.